Title: Far-infrared surveys of galaxy evolution Show Chinese title

Title: 星系演化的远红外巡天

Abstract: Roughly half of the radiation from evolving galaxies in the early universe reaches us in the far-infrared and submillimeter wavelength range. Recent major advances in observing capabilities, in particular the launch of the Herschel Space Observatory in 2009, have dramatically enhanced our ability to use this information in the context of multiwavelength studies of galaxy evolution. Near its peak, three quarters of the cosmic infrared background is now resolved into individually detected sources. The use of far-infrared diagnostics of dust-obscured star formation and of interstellar medium conditions has expanded from rare extreme high-redshift galaxies to more typical main sequence galaxies and hosts of active galactic nuclei, out to z>~2. These studies shed light on the evolving role of steady equilibrium processes and of brief starbursts, at and since the peak of cosmic star formation and black hole accretion. This review presents a selection of recent far-infrared studies of galaxy evolution, with an emphasis on Herschel results Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 早期宇宙中正在演化的星系发出的辐射大约有一半以远红外线和亚毫米波长范围到达我们这里。近年来观测能力的重大进展，尤其是2009年赫歇尔空间天文台的发射，极大地增强了我们在多波段研究星系演化时利用这些信息的能力。在达到峰值时，现在有四分之三的宇宙红外背景被解析为单独探测到的源。从尘埃遮蔽的恒星形成和星际介质条件的远红外诊断方法的应用已经从罕见的极端高红移星系扩展到了更典型的主序星系以及活跃星系核的宿主星系，直至红移z>~2。这些研究揭示了在宇宙恒星形成和黑洞吸积高峰时期及之后，稳定平衡过程和短暂恒星爆发所起作用的变化。这篇综述介绍了星系演化的一些近期远红外研究，重点是赫歇尔任务的结果。