Title: Haidinger-Michelson rings in white light Show Chinese title

Title: 白光中的海丁格-迈克尔逊环

Abstract: We use coherence theory to explain why it is necessary to modify the conventional setup of a Michelson interferometer to obtain Haidinger rings with an extended source of white light. The modification consists of introducing a glass slide into one of the two arms of the interferometer. This insertion circumvents the drastic restriction imposed by the low temporal coherence of white light, which prevents the observation of interference rings with the conventional setup. In order to understand this restriction, we developed and implemented a criterion for observing interference fringes. The modified setup also makes it possible to perform a spectral interferometry experiment to analyze the output of the interferometer and determine the refractive index of the glass slide over the whole visible spectrum. The fit of measured data using Sellmeier's law gives the extrapolated value of the refractive index to the IR $n_\mathrm{IR}=1.5307\pm0.0003$ and the value of the characteristic wavelength $\lambda_0=(164.5\pm0.4)\;\mathrm{nm}$ of the oscillator responsible for the dispersion. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 我们使用相干理论来解释为什么需要修改传统的迈克尔逊干涉仪设置，以获得使用白光扩展光源的海丁格环。该修改包括在干涉仪的两个臂中的一个中引入一块玻璃片。这种插入绕过了白光低时间相干性施加的严格限制，该限制阻止了传统设置下观察到干涉环。为了理解这一限制，我们开发并实现了观察干涉条纹的标准。修改后的设置还使得能够进行光谱干涉实验，以分析干涉仪的输出并确定玻璃片在整个可见光谱范围内的折射率。使用Sellmeier公式对测量数据进行拟合，给出了折射率在红外区域的外推值$n_\mathrm{IR}=1.5307\pm0.0003$以及导致色散的振荡器的特征波长$\lambda_0=(164.5\pm0.4)\;\mathrm{nm}$。