Title: Cyber Recovery from Dynamic Load Altering Attacks: Linking Electricity, Transportation, and Cyber Networks Show Chinese title

Title: 从动态负载更改攻击中恢复：连接电力、交通和网络网络

Abstract: To address the increasing vulnerability of power grids, significant attention has been focused on the attack detection and impact mitigation. However, it is still unclear how to effectively and quickly recover the cyber and physical networks from a cyberattack. In this context, this paper presents the first investigation of the Cyber Recovery from Dynamic load altering Attack (CRDA). Considering the interconnection among electricity, transportation, and cyber networks, two essential sub-tasks are formulated for the CRDA: i) Optimal design of repair crew routes to remove installed malware and ii) Adaptive adjustment of system operation to eliminate the mitigation costs while guaranteeing stability. To achieve this, linear stability constraints are obtained by estimating the related eigenvalues under the variation of multiple IBR droop gains based on the sensitivity information of strategically selected sampling points. Moreover, to obtain the robust recovery strategy, the potential counter-measures from the adversary during the recovery process are modeled as maximizing the attack impact of remaining compromised resources in each step. A Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) problem can be finally formulated for the CRDA with the primary objective to reset involved droop gains and secondarily to repair all compromised loads. Case studies are performed in the modified IEEE 39-bus power system to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed CRDA compared to the benchmark case. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 为应对电网日益增加的脆弱性，已引起广泛关注的攻击检测和影响缓解。然而，如何有效且快速地从网络攻击中恢复网络仍不清楚。在此背景下，本文首次研究了从动态负载改变攻击（CRDA）中进行网络恢复。考虑到电力、交通和网络之间的相互连接，为CRDA制定了两个关键子任务：i）优化维修人员路线设计以移除安装的恶意软件；ii）自适应调整系统运行以消除缓解成本并保证稳定性。为了实现这一点，通过基于战略选择的采样点的敏感性信息，在多个IBR下垂增益变化的情况下估计相关特征值，获得线性稳定性约束。此外，为了获得鲁棒的恢复策略，将恢复过程中对手可能采取的对策建模为在每一步最大化剩余受损资源的攻击影响。最终可以为CRDA制定一个混合整数线性规划（MILP）问题，主要目标是重新设置涉及的下垂增益，次要目标是修复所有受损负载。案例研究在修改后的IEEE 39节点电力系统中进行，以说明所提出的CRDA相对于基准案例的有效性。