Title: Impacts of Riding Comfort on the Attitudes of Riders, Drivers, and Pedestrians Toward Autonomous Shuttles Show Chinese title

Title: 骑乘舒适度对骑手、驾驶员和行人对自动驾驶小巴态度的影响

Abstract: Automated vehicle (AV) shuttles are emerging mobility technologies that have been widely piloted and deployed. Public attitude is critical to the deployment progress and the overall social benefits of automated vehicle (AV) technologies. The AV shuttle demonstration was regarded as a good way for possible attitude improvements. However, not all existing AV shuttle technologies are mature and reliable enough. Some frustrating uncomfort issues in AV shuttle demonstrations may adversely affect public attitudes of AV technologies. Studying the impact of the comfort of the demonstration on attitudinal change can help us provide guidance for future demonstrations. Thanks to the AV shuttle project piloted at Dunedin, Florida, this paper interviewed 161 people before and after taking an open road AV shuttle ride. In addition to the participant's demographic information, driving-related information and psychological-related information, we collected the AV shuttles' operation status (e.g., abrupt brake). A series of discrete outcome models were employed to estimate the factors influencing people's initial opinions before the AV shuttle ride and people's attitudes change after the ride. The most important finding is that an unsatisfactory riding experience could negatively affect participants' attitudes toward AV shuttles. Particularly, the number of abrupt brakes raises more concerns when the participants are drivers who share the rights of way with the AV shuttle compared to when the participants are pedestrians or AV shuttle riders. Moreover, the participants' attitudes toward sharing public space with AV shuttles as pedestrians and human drivers exhibited more negative changes compared with simply riding on AV shuttles. These results improve our understanding of public attitudes toward the existing AV technologies and help identify new opportunities to improve AV technology adoption. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 自动驾驶汽车（AV）接驳车是一种正在出现的移动技术，已被广泛试点和部署。 公众态度对自动驾驶汽车（AV）技术的部署进程和整体社会效益至关重要。 AV接驳车演示被视为改善可能态度的一种好方法。 然而，并非所有现有的AV接驳车技术都足够成熟和可靠。 在AV接驳车演示中的一些令人沮丧的不适问题可能会对公众对AV技术的态度产生不利影响。 研究演示的舒适性对态度变化的影响可以帮助我们为未来的演示提供指导。 感谢在佛罗里达州但尼丁开展的AV接驳车项目，本文在人们乘坐开放道路的AV接驳车前后采访了161人。 除了参与者的个人信息、与驾驶相关的信息和心理相关的信息外，我们还收集了AV接驳车的运行状态（例如急刹车）。 一系列离散结果模型被用来估计影响人们在AV接驳车乘坐前的初始意见以及乘坐后的态度变化的因素。 最重要的发现是，不满意的乘车体验可能会对参与者对AV接驳车的态度产生负面影响。 特别是，当参与者是与AV接驳车共享路权的驾驶员时，急刹车的数量会引起更多的关注，而不是当参与者是行人或AV接驳车乘客时。 此外，作为行人和人类驾驶员与AV接驳车共享公共空间的参与者的态度相比仅仅乘坐AV接驳车的人表现出更多的负面变化。 这些结果加深了我们对现有AV技术公众态度的理解，并有助于识别改进AV技术采用的新机会。