Title: Probing the Cosmic Neutrino Background and New Physics with TeV-Scale Astrophysical Neutrinos Show Chinese title

Title: 探测宇宙中微子背景和利用TeV尺度天体物理中微子探索新物理

Abstract: We use recent evidence of TeV neutrino events from the most significant astrophysical sources detected by IceCube -- NGC 1068, TXS 0506+056, PKS 1424+240 -- to constrain the local and global overdensity of relic neutrinos and to explore potential new neutrino self-interactions. Assuming a relic neutrino overdensity, such high-energy neutrinos have travelled considerable distances through a sea of relic neutrinos and could have undergone scattering, altering their observed flux on Earth. Considering only Standard Model interactions, we constrain the relic overdensity to $\eta \leq 2 \times 10^{14}$ at the 90$\%$ confidence level, assuming the sum of neutrino masses saturates the cosmological bound, $\sum_i m_i = 0.13$ eV. We demonstrate that this limit improves for larger neutrino masses and study how it depends on the scale of the overdensity region. Considering new interactions between TeV-scale neutrinos and relic neutrinos, mediated by a light boson, we probe couplings of approximately $g \sim 10^{-2}$ with current data for a boson mass around the MeV scale. We demonstrate that this limit improves with larger neutrino masses and the scale of the overdensity region. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 我们利用IceCube探测到的来自最显著天体物理源的TeV中微子事件的最新证据——NGC 1068、TXS 0506+056、PKS 1424+240——来限制遗迹中微子的局部和全局过密度，并探索潜在的新中微子自相互作用。 假设存在遗迹中微子过密度，这些高能中微子已经通过遗迹中微子的海洋行进了相当长的距离，并可能发生散射，从而改变了它们在地球上的观测通量。 仅考虑标准模型相互作用，我们假设中微子质量总和达到宇宙学上限$\sum_i m_i = 0.13$eV，在90$\%$置信水平上将遗迹过密度限制为$\eta \leq 2 \times 10^{14}$。 我们证明，对于较大的中微子质量，这一限制会得到改善，并研究其如何依赖于过密度区域的尺度。 考虑到TeV尺度中微子与遗迹中微子之间的新相互作用，由一种轻规范玻色子介导，我们利用当前数据对大约$g \sim 10^{-2}$的耦合进行了探测，玻色子质量约为MeV尺度。 我们证明，这一限制随着中微子质量以及过密度区域的尺度增大而得到改善。