Title: The design, verification, and applications of Hotspice: a Monte Carlo simulator for artificial spin ice Show Chinese title

Title: Hotspice的设计、验证和应用：一种人工自旋冰的蒙特卡洛模拟器

Abstract: We present Hotspice, a Monte Carlo simulation software designed to capture the dynamics and equilibrium states of Artificial Spin Ice (ASI) systems with both in-plane (IP) and out-of-plane (OOP) geometries. An Ising-like model is used where each nanomagnet is represented as a macrospin, with switching events driven by thermal fluctuations, magnetostatic interactions, and external fields. To improve simulation accuracy, we explore the impact of several corrections to this model, concerning for example the calculation of the dipole interaction in IP and OOP ASI, as well as the impact of allowing asymmetric rather than symmetric energy barriers between stable states. We validate these enhancements by comparing simulation results with experimental data for pinwheel and kagome ASI lattices, demonstrating how these corrections enable a more accurate simulation of the behavior of these systems. We finish with a demonstration of `clocking' in pinwheel and OOP square ASI as an example of reservoir computing. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 我们介绍了 Hotspice，一种蒙特卡洛仿真软件，旨在捕捉具有平面内（IP）和平面外（OOP）几何结构的人工自旋冰（ASI）系统的动态和平衡状态。 采用类似于伊辛模型的方法，其中每个纳米磁铁被表示为一个宏观自旋，切换事件由热涨落、磁静力相互作用和外部场驱动。 为了提高仿真的准确性，我们探讨了对该模型的几种修正的影响，例如在IP和OOP ASI中偶极相互作用的计算，以及允许非对称而非对称的能量势垒在稳定状态之间的影响力。 我们通过将仿真结果与针轮和凯尔盖朗 ASI 晶格的实验数据进行比较来验证这些改进，展示了这些修正如何使这些系统的行为仿真更加准确。 最后，我们以针轮和OOP正方形 ASI 中的“时钟”现象为例，演示了储备计算。