Title: Prediction of amino acid content in live black soldier fly larvae using near infrared spectroscopy Show Chinese title

Title: 利用近红外光谱预测活体黑水虻幼虫中的氨基酸含量

Abstract: Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae are emerging as a sustainable protein source for animal feed and human nutrition. Ensuring consistent amino acid composition is crucial for quality control, necessitating rapid, non-destructive assessment methods, particularly for selective breeding. This study validates near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression as a reliable tool for predicting free amino acid (FAA) profiles in live larvae. Using a FOSS DS2500 spectrometer (400-2500 nm), 204 live larval samples reared on 17 diets with varying protein (2.3-89.8 percent) and sugar (8.5-96.0 percent) levels were scanned, followed by FAA extraction. Alanine (6.50 +/- 3.52 mg/g) and proline (5.61 +/- 4.45 mg/g) were the most abundant FAAs, with key NIR absorption bands at 1670-1786 nm and 2300-2366 nm enabling accurate predictions. PLS models showed strong predictive power for individual FAAs (e.g., glutamate: R^2 = 0.88; asparagine: R^2 = 0.78; alanine: R^2 = 0.65) and total FAAs (R^2 = 0.64). These results highlight NIR's potential for real-time quality control and phenotyping in BSF production and breeding. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 黑水虻（Hermetia illucens）幼虫正作为可持续的蛋白质来源，用于动物饲料和人类营养。确保氨基酸组成的一致性对于质量控制至关重要，需要快速、非破坏性的评估方法，特别是在选择性育种中。本研究验证了近红外（NIR）光谱与偏最小二乘法（PLS）回归结合，作为预测活体幼虫游离氨基酸（FAA）谱的可靠工具。使用FOSS DS2500光谱仪（400-2500 nm），对204个在17种不同蛋白质（2.3-89.8%）和糖（8.5-96.0%）水平的饲料中饲养的活体幼虫样本进行了扫描，随后提取了FAA。丙氨酸（6.50 +/- 3.52 mg/g）和脯氨酸（5.61 +/- 4.45 mg/g）是含量最高的FAA，关键的NIR吸收波段在1670-1786 nm和2300-2366 nm范围内，能够实现准确预测。PLS模型对个别FAA（例如谷氨酸：R^2 = 0.88；天冬酰胺：R^2 = 0.78；丙氨酸：R^2 = 0.65）和总FAA（R^2 = 0.64）表现出强大的预测能力。这些结果突显了NIR在BSF生产与育种中的实时质量控制和表型分析潜力。