Title: Outflowing Gas in the Planetary Nebula K 3-54 Show Chinese title

Title: 行星状星云 K 3-54中的向外气体流动

Abstract: As planetary nebulae (PNe) evolve, they develop slow and strong dust-driven stellar winds, making the joint study of dust and gas essential for understanding their nature. As a pilot investigation, we selected PN K 3-54 as our target, the only known PN in the Milky Way to exhibit infrared emission from both graphene (C$_{24}$) and fullerene (C$_{60}$). The gas is traced via molecular line emissions from $^{12}$CO, $^{13}$CO, and C$^{18}$O ($J = 1 \rightarrow 0$), observed using the 13.7 m telescope of the Purple Mountain Observatory. We investigate the dynamics of this PN and identify a bipolar outflow. Preliminary results suggest that the large dynamical timescale of the outflow and the weak shock environment may account for the simultaneous survival of C$_{24}$ and C$_{60}$ within and around PN K 3-54. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 行星状星云（PNe）在演化过程中会形成缓慢而强烈的尘埃驱动恒星风，这使得研究尘埃和气体对于理解它们的性质至关重要。 作为一项试点研究，我们选择了行星状星云 K 3-54 作为目标，它是银河系中唯一已知同时表现出石墨烯（C$_{24}$）和富勒烯（C$_{60}$）红外发射的行星状星云。 气体通过分子线发射的 $^{12}$CO、$^{13}$CO 和 C$^{18}$O ($J = 1 \rightarrow 0$) 来追踪，这些发射由紫金山天文台的 13.7 米望远镜观测到。 我们研究了这个行星状星云的动力学，并识别出一个双极喷流。 初步结果显示，星风的大尺度动力学时标以及较弱的激波环境或许可以解释为何在行星状星云 K 3-54 的内部和周围能够同时存在 C$_{24}$和 C$_{60}$。