Title: Architecture of Tianyu Software: Relative Photometry as a Case Study Show Chinese title

Title: 天宇软件架构：以相对测光为例的研究

Abstract: Tianyu telescope, an one-meter robotic optical survey instrument to be constructed in Lenghu, Qinghai, China, is designed for detecting transiting exoplanets, variable stars and transients. It requires a highly automated, optimally distributed, easily extendable, and highly flexible software to enable the data processing for the raw data at rates exceeding 500MB/s. In this work, we introduce the architecture of the Tianyu pipeline and use relative photometry as a case to demonstrate its high scalability and efficiency. This pipeline is tested on the data collected from Muguang observatory and Xinglong observatory. The pipeline demonstrates high scalability, with most processing stages increasing in throughput as the number of consumers grows. Compared to a single consumer, the median throughput of image calibration, alignment, and flux extraction increases by 41%, 257%, and 107% respectively when using 5 consumers, while image stacking exhibits limited scalability due to I/O constraints. In our tests, the pipeline was able to detect two transiting sources. Besides, the pipeline captures variability in the light curves of nine known and two previously unknown variable sources in the testing data. Meanwhile, the differential photometric precision of the light curves is near the theoretical limitation. These results indicate that this pipeline is suitable for detecting transiting exoplanets and variable stars. This work builds the fundation for further development of Tianyu software. Code of this work is available at https://github.com/ruiyicheng/Tianyu_pipeline. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 天榆望远镜是中国青海省冷湖地区正在建设的一台一米机器人光学巡天仪器，旨在探测凌日系外行星、变星和暂现源。它需要一个高度自动化、最优分布、易于扩展且高度灵活的软件来处理原始数据，处理速率超过每秒500MB。 在这项工作中，我们介绍了天榆流水线的架构，并以相对测光作为案例来展示其高可扩展性和效率。该流水线在收集自木光天文台和兴隆天文台的数据上进行了测试。 流水线展示了高可扩展性，大多数处理阶段的吞吐量随着消费者数量的增长而增加。与单一消费者相比，使用5个消费者时，图像校准、对齐和流量提取的中位数吞吐量分别提高了41%、257%和107%，而由于I/O限制，图像堆叠的可扩展性有限。 在我们的测试中，流水线能够检测到两个凌日源。此外，流水线捕获了测试数据中九个已知和两个之前未知的变源的光变曲线中的变化。同时，光变曲线的差分测光精度接近理论极限。 这些结果表明，该流水线适合用于探测凌日系外行星和变星。这项工作为天榆软件的进一步开发奠定了基础。 本工作的代码可在<https://github.com/ruiyicheng/Tianyu_pipeline>获取。