Title: CoreMark: Toward Robust and Universal Text Watermarking Technique Show Chinese title

Title: CoreMark：面向鲁棒和通用的文本水印技术

Abstract: Text watermarking schemes have gained considerable attention in recent years, yet still face critical challenges in achieving simultaneous robustness, generalizability, and imperceptibility. This paper introduces a new embedding paradigm,termed CORE, which comprises several consecutively aligned black pixel segments. Its key innovation lies in its inherent noise resistance during transmission and broad applicability across languages and fonts. Based on the CORE, we present a text watermarking framework named CoreMark. Specifically, CoreMark first dynamically extracts COREs from characters. Then, the characters with stronger robustness are selected according to the lengths of COREs. By modifying the thickness of the CORE, the hidden data is embedded into the selected characters without causing significant visual distortions. Moreover, a general plug-and-play embedding strength modulator is proposed, which can adaptively enhance the robustness for small font sizes by adjusting the embedding strength according to the font size. Experimental evaluation indicates that CoreMark demonstrates outstanding generalizability across multiple languages and fonts. Compared to existing methods, CoreMark achieves significant improvements in resisting screenshot, print-scan, and print camera attacks, while maintaining satisfactory imperceptibility. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 文本水印方案近年来引起了广泛关注，但仍面临在实现同时具备鲁棒性、泛化性和不可见性的关键挑战。 本文介绍了一种新的嵌入范式，称为CORE，它由几个连续对齐的黑色像素段组成。 其关键创新在于在传输过程中固有的抗噪能力以及在多种语言和字体中的广泛适用性。 基于CORE，我们提出了一个名为CoreMark的文本水印框架。 具体来说， CoreMark首先从字符中动态提取CORE。 然后根据CORE的长度选择鲁棒性更强的字符。 通过修改CORE的厚度，将隐藏数据嵌入到选定的字符中，而不会引起显著的视觉失真。 此外，提出了一种通用的即插即用嵌入强度调节器，可以根据字体大小调整嵌入强度，从而自适应地增强小字号的鲁棒性。 实验评估表明，CoreMark在多种语言和字体中表现出卓越的泛化能力。 与现有方法相比，CoreMark在抵抗截图、打印-扫描和打印相机攻击方面取得了显著改进，同时保持了令人满意的不可见性。