Title: Solar Alfvenic Pulses and Mesoscale Solar Wind Show Chinese title

Title: 太阳阿尔芬脉冲和中尺度太阳风

Abstract: Large-scale solar ejections are well understood, but the extent to which small-scale solar features directly influence the solar wind remains an open question, primarily due to the challenges of tracing these small-scale ejections and their impact. Here, we measure the fine-scale motions of network bright points along a coronal hole boundary in high-resolution H-alpha images from the 1.6m Goode Solar Telescope at Big Bear Solar Observatory to quantify the agitation of open flux tubes into generating Alfvenic pulses. We combine the motion, magnetic flux, and activity duration of the flux tubes to estimate the energy content carried by individual Alfvenic pulses, which is ~10+25 erg, adequately higher than the energies ~10+23 erg estimated for the magnetic switchbacks observed by the Parker Solar Probe (PSP). This implies the possibility that the surface-generated Alfvenic pulses could reach the solar wind with sufficient energy to generate switchbacks, even though some of then are expected to be reflected back in the stratified solar atmosphere. Alfvenic pulses further reproduce for the first time other properties of switchbacks, including the filling factor above ~8% at granular and supergranular scales, which correspond best to the lower end of the mesoscale structure. This quantitative result for solar energy output in the form of Alfvenic pulses through magnetic funnels provides a crucial clue to the ongoing debate about the dynamic cycle of energy exchange between the Sun and the mesoscale solar wind that has been raised, but has not been adequately addressed, by PSP near-Sun observations. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 大尺度太阳喷发已被很好地理解，但小尺度太阳特征如何直接影响太阳风仍是一个开放性问题，主要是由于追踪这些小尺度喷发及其影响的挑战。 在这里，我们测量了在大熊太阳天文台1.6米古德太阳望远镜的高分辨率H-α图像中，日冕洞边界上的网络亮点的细尺度运动，以量化开放通量管的扰动，从而生成阿尔芬脉冲。 我们将通量管的运动、磁通量和活动持续时间结合起来，估计单个阿尔芬脉冲所携带的能量，约为10+25 erg，明显高于帕克太阳探测器（PSP）观测到的磁开关弯折所估计的能量约10+23 erg。 这意味着表面生成的阿尔芬脉冲可能以足够的能量到达太阳风，从而生成开关弯折，尽管其中一些预计会在分层的太阳大气中被反射回去。 阿尔芬脉冲进一步首次再现了开关弯折的其他特性，包括在米粒和超米粒尺度上超过~8%的填充因子，这与中尺度结构的下限最为吻合。 通过磁漏斗以阿尔芬脉冲形式输出的太阳能量的定量结果，为关于太阳与中尺度太阳风之间能量交换动态周期的持续争论提供了关键线索，这一问题已由PSP近太阳观测提出，但尚未得到充分解决。