标题： 解析引力透镜化活动星系核 MGB2016+112 的复杂内核 X 射线结构 显示英文标题

标题： Resolving Complex Inner X-ray Structure of the Gravitationaly Lensed AGN MGB2016+112

摘要： 我们利用钱德拉X射线观测对引力透镜系统 MGB2016+112（红移 z = 3.273）进行了研究，以阐明至少存在两个X射线源。我们发现这些源与由\citet{Spingola19}测量的VLBI组件一致，这些组件相距$\sim 200$pc。它们在源帧上的0.5–7 keV本征光度分别为 2.6$\times$10$^{43}$和 4.2$\times$10$^{44}$erg s$^{-1}$。这个系统最有可能包含一个双重活动星系核（AGN），但我们可能检测到的是一个AGN加上一个pc尺度的X射线喷流，后者位于非常高的放大率区域。 这个四重引力透镜的X射线源距离其VLBI对应体不到$\pm$40 pc（1$\sigma$）。利用引力透镜作为望远镜，并结合一种新颖的统计学应用，我们在X射线天文学中实现了前所未有的在如此大红移条件下测量计量距离的精度，如果该源靠近焦散线，则精度可达几十个毫角秒；而如果该源位于较低增益区域，则精度可达数百毫角秒。本研究中该方法的演示对未来的大量引力透镜系统的X射线研究具有重要意义。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We use a Chandra X-ray observation of the gravitationally lensed system MGB2016+112 at z=3.273 to elucidate presence of at least two X-ray sources. We find that these sources are consistent with the VLBI components measured by \citet{Spingola19}, which are separated by $\sim 200$ pc. Their intrinsic 0.5 -- 7 keV source frame luminosities are 2.6$\times$10$^{43}$ and 4.2$\times$10$^{44}$ erg s$^{-1}$. Most likely this system contains a dual active galactic nucleus (AGN), but we possibly are detecting an AGN plus a pc-scale X-ray jet, the latter lying in a region at very high magnification. The quadruply lensed X-ray source is within $\pm$40 pc (1$\sigma$) of its VLBI counterpart. Using a gravitational lens as a telescope, and a novel statistical application, we have achieved unprecedented accuracy for measuring metric distances at such large redshifts in X-ray astronomy, which is tens of mas if the source is located close to the caustics, while it is of hundreds of mas if the source is in a region at lower amplification. The present demonstration of this approach has implications for future X-ray investigations of large numbers of lensed systems.