标题： 三维棒状天体的轨道动力学：III. 棒球/花生形状的边缘轮廓 显示英文标题

标题： Orbital dynamics of three-dimensional bars: III. Boxy/Peanut edge-on profiles

摘要： 我们提出了几类以及由它们组成的集合，这些周期轨道族构成了箱状和花生状（以下简称b/p）正交视线下的结构的基本组成部分。我们发现了一些情况，其中b/p特征仅限于模型的中心区域，而另一些情况下，主要棒区段参与了这种形态。b/p特征可以通过与x1族三维分岔相关的三维族构建，或者在某些模型中，甚至可以通过与z轴轨道相关的族构建，并且这些族存在于较大的能量区间内。在几个正交视线星系的箱状核球内观测到的{\sf `X'}特征可以归因于连续x1v1轨道的峰值（Skokos等人，2002a，此处简称论文I），前提是其稳定性允许这种情况发生。然而，通常来说，x1v1族必须克服S\ar \D \ar S转变这一障碍，才能支持b/p特征的结构。其他可能作为b/p特征骨架的族包括x1v4和z3.1s。我们在模型中发现的箱状或花生状结构的形态和大小由支撑b/p特征的族的存在性和稳定性决定。本研究倾向于认为，所观测到的正交视线下的轮廓是可以在适当选择的描述棒势能的哈密顿系统中找到的周期轨道族留下的印记。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We present families, and sets of families, of periodic orbits that provide building blocks for boxy and peanut (hereafter b/p) edge-on profiles. We find cases where the b/p profile is confined to the central parts of the model and cases where a major fraction of the bar participates in this morphology. A b/p feature can be built either by 3D families associated with 3D bifurcations of the x1 family, or, in some models, even by families related with the z-axis orbits and existing over large energy intervals. The {\sf `X'} feature observed inside the boxy bulges of several edge-on galaxies can be attributed to the peaks of successive x1v1 orbits (Skokos et al. 2002a, hereafter paper I), provided their stability allows it. However in general, the x1v1 family has to overcome the obstacle of a S\ar\D\ar S transition in order to support the structure of a b/p feature. Other families that can be the backbones of b/p features are x1v4 and z3.1s. The morphology and the size of the boxy or peanut-shaped structures we find in our models is determined by the presence and stability of the families that support b/p features. The present study favours the idea that the observed edge-on profiles are the imprints of families of periodic orbits that can be found in appropriately chosen Hamiltonian systems, describing the potential of the bar.