标题： NEID的过去幽灵 显示英文标题

标题： Ghosts of NEID's Past

摘要： NEID光谱仪是一种R $\sim$ 120,000分辨率的光纤馈电且高度稳定的光谱仪，用于极端径向速度（RV）精度。 它正在基特峰国家天文台的3.5米WIYN望远镜上进行调试，期望的仪器精度优于30 \cms{}。 NEID的波长范围为380 -- 930 nm，能够同时覆盖从蓝色区域的Ca HK线到红外区域的Ca IR三重线的活动指标。 在本文中，我们将介绍在组装、集成和测试过程中对NEID光谱仪中的光学鬼像进行表征和减轻的努力，并突出几个主要的光学元件贡献者，例如交叉色散棱镜和输入光学器件。 我们将展示二维光谱的模拟，并讨论焦平面上预测的鬼像特征以及它们可能对NEID的RV性能产生的影响。 我们还将介绍针对每种鬼像采用的减轻策略，这些策略可应用于未来的仪器设计。 这项工作将使其他仪器建造者有可能避免一些这些问题，以及概述减轻策略。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The NEID spectrograph is a R $\sim$ 120,000 resolution fiber-fed and highly stabilized spectrograph for extreme radial velocity (RV) precision. It is being commissioned at the 3.5 m WIYN telescope in Kitt Peak National Observatory with a desired instrumental precision of better than 30 \cms{}. NEID's bandpass of 380 -- 930 nm enables the simultaneous wavelength coverage of activity indicators from the Ca HK lines in the blue to the Ca IR triplet in the IR. In this paper we will present our efforts to characterize and mitigate optical ghosts in the NEID spectrograph during assembly, integration and testing, and highlight several of the dominant optical element contributors such as the cross dispersion prism and input optics. We shall present simulations of the 2-D spectrum and discuss the predicted ghost features on the focal plane, and how they may impact the RV performance for NEID. We also present the mitigation strategy adopted for each ghost which may be applied to future instrument designs. This work will enable other instrument builders to potentially avoid some of these issues, as well as outline mitigation strategies.