标题： 流星雨对航天器变得危险的阈值 显示英文标题

标题： The threshold at which a meteor shower becomes hazardous to spacecraft

摘要： 尽管由于流星体撞击对航天器造成的风险主要由偶发流星体主导，但流星雨可以在短时间内增加这种风险。 NASA的流星体环境办公室发布流星雨预报，用于描述这些风险升高的时期，主要是为了帮助计划舱外活动。 这些预报是使用一个流星雨参数列表构建的，该列表随着时间的推移不断演变，以包括新发现的流星雨并纳入对其特性的改进测量。 然而，截至目前，研究人员已经报告了超过一千场流星雨，其中许多都非常微小，未经证实，或者缺乏关键参数的测量。 因此，全面的方法已不再可行。 在本报告中，我们提出一个潜在危险流星雨的定量标准，并将该标准应用于已确定的流星雨列表，以确定哪些流星雨应包含在我们的年度预报中。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Although the risk posed to spacecraft due to meteoroid impacts is dominated by sporadic meteoroids, meteor showers can raise this risk for short periods of time. NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office issues meteor shower forecasts that describe these periods of elevated risk, primarily for the purpose of helping plan extravehicular activities. These forecasts are constructed using a list of meteor shower parameters that has evolved over time to include newly discovered showers and incorporate improved measurements of their characteristics. However, at this point in time, more than a thousand meteor showers have been reported by researchers, many of which are extremely minor, are unconfirmed, or lack measurements of critical parameters. Thus, a comprehensive approach is no longer feasible. In this report we present a quantitative criterion for a potentially hazardous meteor shower and apply this criterion to the list of established meteor showers in order to determine which showers should be included in our annual forecasts.