标题： 行星对星团中碎片盘的影响--II. 恒星密度的影响 显示英文标题

标题： Influence of planets on debris discs in star clusters -- II. The impact of stellar density

摘要： 我们针对具有不同初始恒星密度的恒星团中的行星系统进行了数值模拟，以研究密度对碎片盘动力学的影响。 我们使用LPS+结合NBODY6++GPU和REBOUND的N体代码进行模拟。 我们在恒星数量N=1k到64k的恒星团中，模拟了具有和没有一颗木星质量行星（位于50天文单位）的碎片盘。剩余行星系统的空间范围随着N的增加而减小。 随着恒星团密度的增加，行星的影响范围先增大后减小。对于从行星系统逃逸的碎片粒子，它们被直接从星团中弹射出的概率随着初始半长轴(a0)或恒星团密度的增加而降低。 幸存粒子的偏心率和倾角随着恒星团密度的增加而增加。行星的存在导致幸存粒子的偏心率和倾角较低。 在稀疏的恒星团中，剩余碎片盘的径向密度分布呈指数衰减。 我们推导出了引力相遇率的一般表达式。 我们的结果无法直接解释恒星团中碎片盘稀缺的现象。然而，鉴于许多行星系统有多颗行星，行星-恒星团组合引力影响机制对盘的作用仍然是一个有吸引力的潜在解释。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We present numerical simulations of planetary systems in star clusters with different initial stellar densities, to investigate the impact of the density on debris disc dynamics. We use LPS+ to combine N-body codes NBODY6++GPU and REBOUND for simulations. We simulate debris discs with and without a Jupiter-mass planet at 50 au, in star clusters with N = 1k - 64k stars. The spatial range of the remaining planetary systems decreases with increasing N. As cluster density increases, the planet's influence range first increases and then decreases. For debris particles escaping from planetary systems, the probability of their direct ejection from the star cluster decreases as their initial semi-major axis (a0) or the cluster density increases. The eccentricity and inclination of surviving particles increase as cluster density increases. The presence of a planet leads to lower eccentricities and inclinations of surviving particles. The radial density distribution of the remaining discs decays exponentially in sparse clusters. We derive a general expression of the gravitational encounter rate. Our results are unable to directly explain the scarcity of debris discs in star clusters. Nevertheless, given that many planetary systems have multiple planets, the mechanism of the planet-cluster combined gravitational influence on the disc remains appealing as a potential explanation.