标题： 从原初黑洞记忆负担的宇宙大爆炸核合成的新限制 显示英文标题

标题： New bounds on Memory Burdened Primordial Black Holes from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

摘要： 原初黑洞（PBHs）质量低于$10^9\,\rm{g}$的通常被认为由于通过霍金辐射快速蒸发，对宇宙学影响可以忽略不计。 然而，“记忆负担”效应，这是一种对PBH蒸发的量子抑制，可以显著改变它们的衰变动力学。 在本工作中，我们重新审视了这个质量范围内超轻PBHs的早期宇宙约束，证明记忆负担显著改变了之前的约束。 我们计算了来自大爆炸核合成（BBN）的新宇宙学限制，这些限制强烈限制了早期宇宙中超轻PBHs的存在。 我们报告称，在质量范围$10^0$-$10^2\,\rm{g}$且对于$k=2$的PBHs，观测无法对其进行约束。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Primordial black holes (PBHs) with masses below $10^9\,\rm{g}$ are typically assumed to have negligible cosmological impact due to their rapid evaporation via Hawking radiation. However, the 'memory burden' effect, which is a quantum suppression of PBH evaporation, can dramatically alter their decay dynamics. In this work, we revisit early-Universe constraints on ultralight PBHs in this mass range, demonstrating that memory burden significantly alters previous constraints. We compute new cosmological bounds from BBN that strongly limit the presence of ultralight PBHs in the early Universe. We report that the PBHs in the mass range $10^0$-$10^2\,\rm{g}$ for $k=2$ are unconstrained by observations.