标题： 宜居区行星探测器（Habitable Zone Planet Finder）Fabry-Pérot标准具定标系统的宽带稳定性：色散变化的证据 显示英文标题

标题： Broadband stability of the Habitable Zone Planet Finder Fabry-Pérot etalon calibration system: evidence for chromatic variation

摘要： 白光照明的法布里-珀罗（Fabry-Pérot）腔的梳状光谱可用作一种经济有效且稳定的参考，用于精确的多普勒测量。 理解这些设备在其宽波段（数百纳米）内的稳定性对于充分发挥其作为多普勒校准器的潜力至关重要。 然而，已发表的描述仍然局限于小带宽或短时间跨度。 我们展示了部署在近红外宜居带系外行星探测仪光谱仪（HPF）上的法布里-珀罗腔系统的长达$\sim6$个月的宽带稳定性监测活动。 我们监测了在这个法布里-珀罗腔的 HPF 光谱中测量的每个$\sim3500$个共振模式的波长（自由光谱范围=30 GHz，带宽=820-1280纳米），利用电光频率梳参考的准确性和精确性。 这些结果揭示了法布里-珀罗模式位置及其随时间演变中存在的色散结构。 我们测量的平均漂移约为 2 厘米每秒的$^{-1}$次幂每天$^{-1}$，局部偏差高达$\pm5$厘米每秒的$^{-1}$次幂每天$^{-1}$。 我们在法布里-珀罗腔镜色散和系统其他光学性质的背景下讨论了这些行为，并探讨了类似系统用于精确多普勒测量的含义。 我们的研究结果表明，该系统支持在夜晚对HPF进行 $\lesssim10$ 厘米每秒 $^{-1}$ 量级的波长校准，并且在 $\lesssim30$ 厘米每秒 $^{-1}$ 量级上持续 $\sim10$ 天。我们的研究还突显了长期且光谱分辨率的研究需求，这些研究旨在支持类似系统的部署，以实现接近 $\sim10$ 厘米每秒 $^{-1}$ 的多普勒测量精度。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The comb-like spectrum of a white light-illuminated Fabry-P\'{e}rot etalon can serve as a cost-effective and stable reference for precise Doppler measurements. Understanding the stability of these devices across their broad (100's of nm) spectral bandwidths is essential to realize their full potential as Doppler calibrators. However, published descriptions remain limited to small bandwidths or short timespans. We present a $\sim6$ month broadband stability monitoring campaign of the Fabry-P\'{e}rot etalon system deployed with the near-infrared Habitable Zone Planet Finder spectrograph (HPF). We monitor the wavelengths of each of $\sim3500$ resonant modes measured in HPF spectra of this Fabry-P\'{e}rot etalon (free spectral range = 30 GHz, bandwidth = 820 - 1280 nanometers), leveraging the accuracy and precision of an electro-optic frequency comb reference. These results reveal chromatic structure in the Fabry-P\'{e}rot mode locations and in their evolution with time. We measure an average drift on the order of 2 cm s $^{-1}$ d$^{-1}$, with local departures up to $\pm5$ cm s $^{-1}$ d$^{-1}$. We discuss these behaviors in the context of the Fabry-P\'{e}rot etalon mirror dispersion and other optical properties of the system, and the implications for the use of similar systems for precise Doppler measurements. Our results show that this system supports the wavelength calibration of HPF at the $\lesssim10$ cm s $^{-1}$ level over a night and at the $\lesssim30$ cm s $^{-1}$ level over $\sim10$ d. Our results also highlight the need for long-term and spectrally-resolved study of similar systems that will be deployed to support Doppler measurement precision approaching $\sim10$ cm s $^{-1}$.