标题： 标量场在修改引力中的电磁辐射：与轴子样粒子的比较 显示英文标题

标题： Electromagnetic Radiation from Scalar Fields in Modified Gravity: A Comparison with Axion-Like Particles

摘要： 在本工作中，我们分析了由修改引力理论预测的标量场产生的电磁（EM）辐射，并将这些特征与类轴子粒子（ALPs）引起的特征进行比较。 由于它们不同的宇称性质，标量场和轴子场对电磁场的耦合方式不同，标量场为$\phi F_{\mu\nu} F^{\mu\nu}$，轴子为$\phi F_{\mu\nu} \tilde{F}^{\mu\nu}$。 基于为ALPs开发的解析方法，本工作提出了一个理论可行性分析，展示了修改引力中的标量场如何从振荡场配置中产生可观察的电磁信号。 我们还表明，在特定条件下，共振效应可以增强标量场的电磁辐射，并且增强机制取决于耦合结构和背景磁场的配置。 共振现象可以加强信号强度和光谱特征的差异，可能有助于未来观测区分标量场和ALPs。 本工作提供了一个研究一般纯标量和伪标量场的理论框架，并建议了新的观测测试修改引力场景以及ALP模型的途径。 显示英文摘要

摘要： In this work, we analyze electromagnetic (EM) radiations arising from scalar fields predicted by modified gravity theories and compare these features with those induced by axion-like particles (ALPs). Scalar and axion fields couple differently to the EM field due to their distinct parity properties, $\phi F_{\mu\nu} F^{\mu\nu}$ for scalar fields and $\phi F_{\mu\nu} \tilde{F}^{\mu\nu}$ for axions. Building on analytical methods developed for ALPs, this work presents a theoretical feasibility analysis that demonstrates how the scalar field in modified gravity could produce observable EM signatures from oscillating field configurations. We also show that resonance effects can amplify the EM radiation for the scalar field under specific conditions, and that the enhancement mechanisms depend on the coupling structure and the configuration of the background magnetic field. Resonance phenomena can accentuate the differences in signal strength and spectral features, potentially aiding future observations in distinguishing scalar fields from ALPs. This work provides a theoretical framework for studying generic pure and pseudo-scalar fields on an equal footing and suggests new avenues for observational tests of modified gravity scenarios alongside ALP models.