标题： 星云遗迹中的“耳朵”形态：聆听与双极包层结构的相互作用历史 显示英文标题

标题： "Ears" formation in Supernova Remnants: Overhearing an interaction history with bipolar circumstellar structures

摘要： 附近超新星遗迹（SNRs）中一个常见的特征是存在两个反称的局部凸起，这些凸起在星云的形态中被投影为两个“耳”状结构。在本工作中，我们提出了一种关于“耳”形成过程的新情景，根据这一情景，两个瓣状结构是通过超新星遗迹与围绕爆炸中心的双极周围介质（CSM）相互作用形成的。我们进行了二维流体动力学模拟，并表明超新星遗迹冲击波从双极CSM中突破，会触发遗迹赤道处两个相对凸起的膨胀，这些凸起在超新星遗迹演化的几百到几千年内保持其大小和形状。我们通过改变超新星（SN）和CSM的特性运行了一组模型，并证明所得结果在“耳”的尺寸、寿命、形态和运动学方面与观测结果有良好的一致性。我们讨论了该模型在自然中的合理性，并认为“携带耳”的超新星遗迹最可能的前身星是核心坍缩超新星事件产生的亮蓝变星或红/黄超巨星，以及由Ia型超新星形成的共生双星或行星状星云。最后，我们将我们的模型与其他文献中的“耳”形成模型进行了比较，并表明它们在“耳”的方向以及“耳”形成过程发生的相位方面存在显著差异。 显示英文摘要

摘要： A characteristic feature that is frequently met in nearby supernova remnants (SNRs) is the existence of two antisymmetric, local protrusions that are projected as two "ears" in the morphology of the nebula. In this work, we present a novel scenario for the "ear" formation process according to which the two lobes are formed through the interaction of the SNR with a bipolar circumstellar medium (CSM) that was surrounding the explosion center. We conduct two dimensional hydrodynamic simulations and we show that the SNR shock breakout from the bipolar CSM triggers the inflation of two opposite protrusions at the equator of the remnant that retain their size and shape for several hundreds up to a few thousand years of the SNR evolution. We run a set of models by varying the supernova (SN) and CSM properties and we demonstrate that the extracted results reveal a good agreement with the observables, regarding the "ears" sizes, lifespan, morphology and kinematics. We discuss the plausibility of our model in nature and we suggest that the most likely progenitors of the "ear-carrying" SNRs are the Luminous Blue Variables or the Red/Yellow Supergiants for the SNRs resulted by core collapse SN events and the symbiotic binaries or the planetary nebulae for the remnants formed by Type Ia SNe. Finally, we compare our model with other "ear" formation models of the literature and we show that there are distinctive differences among them, concerning the "ears" orientation and the phase in which the "ear" formation process occurs.