标题： 软阀的随机弹性水动力学 显示英文标题

标题： Stochastic elastohydrodynamics of soft valves

摘要： 软阀在生命树中复杂的血管系统中用于调节和整流流量，例如在每个正在阅读此内容的人的心脏中。 在这里，我们考虑一个心脏二尖瓣的最小物理模型，该模型被建模为一个柔性圆锥壳，在冲击（反向）流中通过塌陷和对合实现流量整流。 我们的实验表明，关闭的复杂弹性流体动力学特征具有一种由噪声激活的整流机制。 一个最小的理论模型使我们能够合理解释我们的观察结果，同时揭示由随机流体动力学力驱动的动力学分岔。 我们的理论还提出了一种按需触发软阀对合的方法，我们通过实验验证了这一点，这为它们的有效操作提供了一个设计原则。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Soft valves serve to modulate and rectify flows in complex vasculatures across the tree of life, e.g. in the heart of every human reading this. Here we consider a minimal physical model of the heart mitral valve modeled as a flexible conical shell capable of flow rectification via collapse and coaptation in an impinging (reverse) flow. Our experiments show that the complex elastohydrodynamics of closure features a noise-activated rectification mechanism. A minimal theoretical model allows us to rationalize our observations while illuminating a dynamical bifurcation driven by stochastic hydrodynamic forces. Our theory also suggests a way to trigger the coaptation of soft valves on demand, which we corroborate using experiments, suggesting a design principle for their efficient operation.