标题： 周期驱动非平衡系统中的相位漂移：其识别和一个界限 显示英文标题

标题： Phase shift in periodically driven non-equilibrium systems: Its identification and a bound

摘要： 随时间驱动的随机系统形成一个广泛且多样的非平衡系统类别，用于在小尺度上建模重要的应用，如位擦除协议或微观热机。 所有这些截然不同的系统共有的一个特性是系统驱动与其响应之间存在某种滞后。 对于周期性稳态，我们通过引入广义相位差来量化这种滞后，并证明了其紧致上限。 在最一般的形式中，这个界限仅取决于驱动的相对速度。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Time-dependently driven stochastic systems form a vast and manifold class of non-equilibrium systems used to model important applications on small length scales such as bit erasure protocols or microscopic heat engines. One property that unites all these quite different systems is some form of lag between the driving of the system and its response. For periodic steady states, we quantify this lag by introducing a generalized phase difference and prove a tight upper bound for it. In its most general version, this bound depends only on the relative speed of the driving.