标题： 旋转玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中的涡旋晶格熔化和临界温度移动 显示英文标题

标题： Vortex lattice melting and critical temperature shift in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates

摘要： 我们研究了由涡旋晶格融化介导的旋转玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体临界温度的转变。 数值模拟显示，这种温度表现出与系统配置相关的相反行为：由于凝聚体的膨胀，在固定陷阱势的情况下出现负向转变；而在固定体积的情况下观察到正向转变，其中涡旋晶格的刚性抑制了热涨落。 我们引入了一个涡旋能量模型，该模型捕捉了涡旋相互作用、涡旋晶格的位置能以及相变和涡旋晶格消失的方式。 这些发现为旋转凝聚体的热力学性质以及涡旋晶格熔化的动力学提供了见解，并可能与其他量子系统（如II型超导体）产生潜在的类比。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We investigate a shift in the critical temperature of rotating Bose-Einstein condensates mediated by the melting of the vortex lattice. Numerical simulations reveal that this temperature exhibits contrasting behavior depending on the system configuration: a negative shift occurs for fixed trap potentials due to the expansion of the condensate, while a positive shift is observed for fixed volumes, where vortex lattice rigidity suppresses thermal fluctuations. We introduce a vortex-energy model that captures the role of vortex interactions, the positional energy of the vortex lattice, as well as the phase transition and how the vortex lattice disappears. The findings provide insights into the thermodynamic properties of rotating condensates and the dynamics of vortex lattice melting, offering potential parallels with other quantum systems such as type-II superconductors.