标题： 热力学最大熵产生原理与生命的诞生与演化 显示英文标题

标题： Maximum Entropy Production Principle of Thermodynamics for the Birth and Evolution of Life

摘要： 综述了与最大熵产生原理（MEPP）相关的生命起源和演化研究。研究表明，这一原理对于一致理解生命的起源和演化至关重要。 首先，回顾了一项近期关于自我复制系统（前RNA生命）起源的研究，该研究与MEPP相关。通过动力学系统方法报告了局部系统中聚合物浓度的一个关键条件，在此条件下，保证了熵产生的指数增长。 其次，综述了早期演化的研究工作；包括形成多细胞组织所需的细胞数量的实验研究，以及模型系统的分化及其与MEPP关系的数值研究。 本文综述表明，演化的晚期阶段以社会的形成和外部熵产生为特征。讨论了从生命起源到现今生命遵循MEPP的一般演化路径假设。还给出了几个偶然面临贫乏热力学条件的生命实例，并进行了热力学讨论。 通过本综述可以观察到，只要处于远离平衡的热力学条件下，MEPP始终有助于对生命起源和演化的热力学理解。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Research on the birth and evolution of life are reviewed with reference to the maximum entropy production principle (MEPP). It has been shown that this principle is essential for consistent understanding of the birth and evolution of life. First, a recent work for the birth of a self-replicative system as pre-RNA life is reviewed in relation to the MEPP. A critical condition of polymer concentration in a local system is reported by a dynamical system approach, above which, an exponential increase of entropy production is guaranteed. Secondly, research works of early stage of evolutions are reviewed; experimental research for the numbers of cells necessary for forming a multi-cellular organization, and numerical research of differentiation of a model system and its relation with MEPP. It is suggested by this review article that the late stage of evolution is characterized by formation of society and external entropy production. A hypothesis on the general route of evolution is discussed from the birth to the present life which follows the MEPP. Some examples of life which happened to face poor thermodynamic condition are presented with thermodynamic discussion. It is observed through this review that MEPP is consistently useful for thermodynamic understanding of birth and evolution of life, subject to a thermodynamic condition far from equilibrium.