标题： 局域矩相中的普适自旋筛选云团 显示英文标题

标题： Universal Spin Screening Clouds in Local Moment Phases

摘要： 当局域杂质自旋与导带电子相互作用时，如果导带电子态密度（DOS）在费米能量处存在（伪）能隙或者发散，则局域磁矩（LM）相可能比肯德相更占优势。 通过理论研究杂质与导带电子之间的量子纠缠，我们证明了导带电子在一般的LM相中会形成一个“LM自旋云”，这与Kondo相中的Kondo云屏蔽杂质自旋相对应，但具有本质上的差异。 当DOS存在伪能隙或发散时，LM云从杂质处以代数衰减；而当DOS存在硬能隙时，LM云以指数衰减。 我们发现了一个“LM云长度”，它作为一个单一的长度尺度来表征LM云的一种普适形式。 这些发现得到了解析理论和数值计算的支持。 显示英文摘要

摘要： When a local impurity spin interacts with conduction electrons whose density of states (DOS) has a (pseudo)gap or diverges at the Fermi energy, a local moment (LM) phase can be favored over a Kondo phase. Theoretically studying quantum entanglement between the impurity and conduction electrons, we demonstrate that conduction electrons form an ''LM spin cloud'' in general LM phases, which corresponds to, but has fundamental difference from, the Kondo cloud screening the impurity spin in the Kondo phase. The LM cloud algebraically decays over the distance from the impurity when the DOS has a pseudogap or divergence, and exponentially when it has a hard gap. We find an ''LM cloud length'', a single length scale characterizing a universal form of the LM cloud. The findings are supported by both of analytic theories and numerical computations.