标题： 一种多频段、多能级、多电子模型，用于半导体量子阱电磁相互作用的高效FDTD仿真 显示英文标题

标题： A multi-band, multi-level, multi-electron model for efficient FDTD simulations of electromagnetic interactions with semiconductor quantum wells

摘要： 我们报告了一个新的计算模型，用于在复杂电磁几何结构中使用有限差分时域（FDTD）方法对半导体量子阱（SQW）的电磁相互作用进行仿真。 该模型基于在每个SQW子带（多带）中用少量离散多电子态（多级、多电子）展开大量电子横向动量态的方法。 这使得能够对具有SQW活性介质的纳米光子器件进行准确且高效的二维（2-D）和三维（3-D）仿真。 该模型包括以下特点：（1）考虑了各种SQW导带与重空穴或轻空穴子带之间的光学诱导带间跃迁。（2）推导出新颖的子带内和子带间跃迁项，以将电子和空穴的占据分布热化到正确的费米-狄拉克分布。（3）（2）中的项导致一个显式更新方案，避免了数值上繁琐的迭代过程。这显著提高了计算效率。（4）推导出显式更新项以考虑载流子泄漏到非限制态，这些项将体材料和SQW种群热化到一个共同的准平衡费米-狄拉克分布。（5）包括俄歇复合和价带吸收。 该模型通过与解析带填充计算的比较、SQW光学增益谱和光子晶体激光器的仿真进行了验证。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We report a new computational model for simulations of electromagnetic interactions with semiconductor quantum well(s) (SQW) in complex electromagnetic geometries using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. The presented model is based on an approach of spanning a large number of electron transverse momentum states in each SQW sub-band (multi-band) with a small number of discrete multi-electron states (multi-level, multi-electron). This enables accurate and efficient two dimensional (2-D) and 3-D simulations of nanophotonic devices with SQW active media. The model includes the following features: (1) Optically induced interband transitions between various SQW conduction and heavy-hole or light-hole sub-bands are considered. (2) Novel intra sub-band and inter sub-band transition terms are derived to thermalize the electron and hole occupational distributions to the correct Fermi-Dirac distributions. (3) The terms in (2) result in an explicit update scheme which circumvents numerically cumbersome iterative procedures. This significantly augments computational efficiency. (4) Explicit update terms to account for carrier leakage to unconfined states are derived which thermalize the bulk and SQW populations to a common quasi-equilibrium Fermi-Dirac distribution. (5) Auger recombination and intervalence band absorption are included. The model is validated by comparisons to analytic band filling calculations, simulations of SQW optical gain spectra and photonic crystal lasers.