标题： 低温腔中的耗散与非热态 显示英文标题

标题： Dissipation and non-thermal states in cryogenic cavities

摘要： 我们研究了在低温腔中光子的性质，该腔由冷却到低温的镜面组成，周围是室温环境。 我们将此类系统建模为多模式腔与两个处于不同温度的热库耦合。 利用Lindblad主方程方法，我们推导了腔模的光子分布及其统计特性，发现了一个整体非热态，该状态由与模式相关的有效温度描述。 我们还计算了由于腔场与外部环境及镜面相互作用而产生的耗散率，并将这些耗散率与可测量的宏观量联系起来。 这些结果提供了一种简单的理论来计算与不同热库耦合的腔的耗散特性和有效温度，为设计腔环境中耗散和光子统计提供了潜在途径。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We study the properties of photons in a cryogenic cavity, made by cryo-cooled mirrors surrounded by a room temperature environment. We model such a system as a multimode cavity coupled to two thermal reservoirs at different temperatures. Using a Lindblad master equation approach, we derive the photon distribution and the statistical properties of the cavity modes, finding an overall non-thermal state described by a mode-dependent effective temperature. We also calculate the dissipation rates arising from the interaction of the cavity field with the external environment and the mirrors, relating such rates to measurable macroscopic quantities. These results provide a simple theory to calculate the dissipative properties and the effective temperature of a cavity coupled to different thermal reservoirs, offering potential pathways for engineering dissipations and photon statistics in cavity settings.