标题： 宏观物质波中涡旋态的叠加 显示英文标题

标题： Macroscopic superposition of vortex states in a matter wave

摘要： 在许多量子过程中，如量子存储和量子计量学，都需要生成物质波中的涡旋态叠加。 在这里，我们报告了在超冷量子气体中实验生成涡旋态的宏观叠加。 通过使用拉曼耦合技术将光学涡旋态叠加转移到超冷原子的质心旋转态，我们在量子气体中实现了两涡旋和三涡旋叠加态，展示了涡旋态的高维性。 我们展示了叠加态在布洛赫球上的可控性。 量子气体中涡旋叠加态的寿命长达25毫秒，大约比原子系综中的存储时间长两个数量级。 这项工作为物质波中的高维量子处理铺平了道路。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Generating the vortex-state superposition in a matter wave is demanded in many quantum processes such as quantum memory and quantum metrology. Here we report the experimental generation of macroscopic superposition of vortex states in ultracold quantum gases. By transferring an optical vortex-state superposition to the center-of-mass rotational state of ultracold atoms using the Raman coupling technique, we realize two-vortex and three-vortex superposition states in quantum gases, demonstrating the high dimensionality of the vortex state. We show the controllability of the superposition states on the Bloch sphere. The lifetime of the vortex superposition state in quantum gases is as large as 25 ms, about two orders of magnitude longer than the storage time in atomic ensembles. This work paves the way for high dimensional quantum processing in matter waves.