标题： 在旋转箱势中实现原子电子AQUID 显示英文标题

标题： Realizing an Atomtronic AQUID in a Rotating-Box Potential

摘要： 原子电子器件是物质波电路，旨在模仿其电子对应器件的功能行为。 受超导量子干涉器件（SQUIDs）的启发，使用在环形几何结构中限制的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体（BECs）开发了原子量子干涉器件（AQUIDs）。 在此，我们提出并数值研究了一种基于在旋转箱势中限制的BEC的AQUID的替代实现方式。 通过引入一个排斥势垒来建立一个中心耗尽区域，从而形成类似环状的拓扑结构。 我们观察到AQUID的标志性特征——随着角速度增加而以离散步骤增加的量化相位绕数。 由旋转引起的离心效应会破坏相位相干性并损害AQUID性能，我们通过施加对抗性的谐波约束来缓解这一问题。 发现相位跳跃是由从中心耗尽区传播到凝聚体边缘的涡旋介导的。 为了表征电压响应，我们在保持中心屏障固定的同时，沿箱的长轴移动箱体以引入偏置电流。 这会在两个储层之间产生密度不平衡，表现出与角速度的周期性依赖关系——类似于电子SQUIDs中的电压-通量关系。 我们的结果表明，旋转箱几何结构为实现具有可控制动力学和明确响应特性的原子电子AQUIDs提供了一个可行且灵活的平台。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Atomtronic devices are matter-wave circuits designed to emulate the functional behavior of their electronic counterparts. Motivated by superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs), atomic quantum interference devices (AQUIDs) have been developed using Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) confined in toroidal geometries. Here, we propose and numerically investigate an alternative implementation of an AQUID based on a BEC confined in a rotating box potential. A ring-like topology is established by introducing a central depletion region via a repulsive potential barrier. We observe the hallmark AQUID feature -- quantized phase winding that increases in discrete steps with angular velocity. Centrifugal effects induced by rotation degrade phase coherence and impair AQUID performance, which we mitigate by applying a counteracting harmonic confinement. Phase slips are found to be mediated by a vortex propagating from the central depletion zone to the edge of the condensate. To characterize the voltage response, we induce a bias current by translating the box along its long axis while keeping the central barrier fixed. This generates a density imbalance between the two reservoirs, exhibiting a periodic dependence on angular velocity -- analogous to the voltage-flux relation in electronic SQUIDs. Our results demonstrate that rotating box geometries provide a viable and flexible platform for realizing atomtronic AQUIDs with controllable dynamics and well-defined response characteristics.