标题： 二维多体局域化的稳定性 显示英文标题

标题： Stability of many-body localization in two dimensions

摘要： 无序量子多体系统是凝聚态物理和量子信息科学中的一个核心挑战，因为它们的动力学通常对经典计算来说是难以处理的。 多体局域化（MBL）在强无序下假设可以无限期地避免热化，这体现了这一困难。 在这里，我们使用可变系统尺寸的光晶格中超冷原子研究二维情况下的MBL稳定性，系统尺寸达到$24\times 24$个格点，远远超出经典可模拟的范围。 使用不平衡性作为探测器，我们追踪两种不同的无序势下的长时间动力学：准周期无序和随机无序。 对于随机无序，随着系统尺寸的增加，MBL转变点向更高的无序强度移动，这与级联场景一致。 相反，在准周期无序下，我们没有观察到明显的系统尺寸依赖性，这表明二维情况下的MBL可能具有稳定性。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Disordered quantum many-body systems pose one of the central challenges in condensed matter physics and quantum information science, as their dynamics are generally intractable for classical computation. Many-body localization (MBL), hypothesized to evade thermalization indefinitely under strong disorder, exemplifies this difficulty. Here, we study the stability of MBL in two dimensions using ultracold atoms in optical lattices with variable system sizes up to $24\times 24$ sites, well beyond the classically simulable regime. Using the imbalance as a probe, we trace the long-time dynamics under two distinctive disorder potentials: quasiperiodic and random disorder. For random disorder, the MBL crossover point shifts to higher disorder strength with increasing system size, consistent with the avalanche scenario. In contrast, with quasiperiodic disorder, we observe no clear system size dependence, suggesting possible stability of MBL in two dimensions.