标题： 耦合双原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体阵列中的基布尔-祖雷克动力学 显示英文标题

标题： Kibble-Zurek dynamics in an array of coupled binary Bose condensates

摘要： 自发对称性破缺的普遍动力学是理解从早期宇宙、凝聚态系统到超冷原子系统中自发缺陷形成普遍行为的核心。 我们研究了在光晶格中耦合的二元原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体阵列中的普遍实时动力学，这些系统经历了从对称的拉比振荡到对称破缺的自束缚的自发对称性破缺。 除了戈德斯通模之外，还存在具有激发能隙的希格斯模，其激发能隙在临界点消失。 在缓慢通过临界点时，我们解析地发现对称性破缺动力学遵循基布尔-祖雷克机制。 从分岔延迟和畴结构的标度关系中，我们数值提取出两个基布尔-祖雷克指数$b_{1}=\nu/(1+\nu z)$和$b_{2}=1/(1+\nu z)$，它们给出了静态关联长度临界指数$\nu$和动态临界指数$z$。 我们的方法为连续相变的临界指数$\nu$和$z$提供了一种有效的同时确定方法。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Universal dynamics of spontaneous symmetry breaking is central to understanding the universal behavior of spontaneous defect formation in various system from the early universe, condensed-matter systems to ultracold atomic systems. We explore the universal real-time dynamics in an array of coupled binary atomic Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices, which undergo a spontaneous symmetry breaking from the symmetric Rabi oscillation to the broken-symmetry self-trapping. In addition to Goldstone modes, there exist gapped Higgs mode whose excitation gap vanishes at the critical point. In the slow passage through the critical point, we analytically find that the symmetry-breaking dynamics obeys the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. From the scalings of bifurcation delay and domain formation, we numerically extract two Kibble-Zurek exponents $b_{1}=\nu/(1+\nu z)$ and $b_{2}=1/(1+\nu z)$, which give the static correlation-length critical exponent $\nu$ and the dynamic critical exponent $z$. Our approach provides an efficient way to simultaneous determination of the critical exponents $\nu$ and $z$ for a continuous phase transition.