标题： 关于受限弹性体层的失效机制和载荷并行裂纹形成 显示英文标题

标题： On failure mechanisms and load-parallel cracking in confined elastomeric layers

摘要： 薄层弹性体粘附在两个刚性板上表现出不寻常的失效响应。 历史上，人们认为强粘附层通过两种不同的机制失效：(i) 内部/外部 penny-shaped 裂纹的形核和扩展，以及 (ii) 空洞化，即空腔生长导致纤维化，然后失效。 然而，最近的研究表明，空洞化本身主要是断裂过程。 虽然从宏观或自上而下的视角描述空洞化的方程现在已经知道并经过实验验证，但空洞裂纹扩展的几个方面需要更好地理解。 值得注意的是，空洞化通常涉及与加载方向平行的厚度方向裂纹扩展，这引发了关于它何时开始而不是更典型的垂直于载荷的 penny-shaped 裂纹的问题。 理解和控制两种垂直和水平裂纹扩展是开发更坚韧的软薄膜和粘合剂的关键。 本信件的目的是通过全面的数值分析来解释载荷平行的裂纹扩展，并强调各种材料和几何参数的作用。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Thin layers of elastomers bonded to two rigid plates demonstrate unusual failure response. Historically, it has been believed that strongly-bonded layers fail by two distinct mechanisms: (i) internal/external penny-shaped crack nucleation and propagation, and (ii) cavitation, that is, cavity growth leading to fibrillation and then failure. However, recent work has demonstrated that cavitation itself is predominantly a fracture process. While the equations describing cavitation from a macroscopic or top-down view are now known and validated with experiments, several aspects of the cavitation crack growth need to be better understood. Notably, cavitation often involves through-thickness crack growth parallel to the loading direction, raising questions about when it initiates instead of the more typical penny-shaped cracks perpendicular to the load. Understanding and controlling the two vertical and horizontal crack growth is key to developing tougher soft films and adhesives. The purpose of this Letter is to provide an explanation for the load-parallel crack growth through a comprehensive numerical analysis and highlight the role of various material and geometrical parameters.