标题： 关于表面活性剂的滑腻性：分子尺度上的电荷介导摩擦控制 显示英文标题

标题： On the Slipperiness of Surfactants: Charge-Mediated Friction Control at the Molecular Scale

摘要： 从覆盖肥皂的盘子到刚清洗过的地板，表面活性剂可以使表面变得滑腻；然而，其背后的机制仍不明确。 在这里，我们使用宏观摩擦学和表面分子光谱学确定了这一普遍现象的分子起源。 我们证明，通过表面活性剂减少摩擦取决于电荷互补性：与固体表面电荷相反的表面活性剂即使在极端接触压力下也能减少摩擦，而相同电荷或中性的表面活性剂则无效。 相反电荷的表面活性剂会自组装成密集且坚固的分子刷，在传统机制极限之外产生持续的润滑作用。 这种电荷介导的方法提供了一个通用且可扩展的摩擦控制框架，可在不同长度尺度上使用，而无需显著的表面改性。 显示英文摘要

摘要： From soap-covered dishes to freshly cleaned floors, surfactants can make surfaces slippery; yet, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we identify the molecular origin behind this ubiquitous phenomenon using macroscopic tribology and surface molecular spectroscopy. We demonstrate that reducing friction through surfactants hinges on charge complementarity: surfactants of opposite charge to the solid surface reduce friction even at extreme contact pressures, whereas like-charged or neutral surfactants are ineffective. Oppositely charged surfactants self-assemble into dense and robust molecular brushes, creating a persistent lubrication beyond the limits of conventional mechanisms. This charge-mediated approach offers a universal and scalable framework for friction control across length scales without significant surface modification.