标题： 纤毛精确摆动中活性和耗散的作用：来自划船者模型的见解 显示英文标题

标题： Role of activity and dissipation in achieving precise beating in cilia: Insights from the rower model

摘要： 纤毛和鞭毛是微米级的细丝，在粘性介质中以惊人的精度主动摆动，驱动微生物运动和高效的流体流动。 我们研究划船者模型，以揭示纤毛活动和耗散如何实现这种精确运动。 在这个模型中，纤毛运动由两个远距离谐波势之间的微珠布朗运动表示。 在特定位置，能量泵触发势能切换，捕获纤毛活动并产生振荡。 我们使用品质因数来量化振荡的精度，确定其与活动性和振荡幅度的标度关系，发现精度在最优幅度处达到最大。 对于噪声振荡，数据塌缩不准确。 基于首次通过时间波动的精确解析表达式，并在小噪声近似下推导出的品质因数，解释了其最优性和标度关系。 能量预算分析表明，品质因数与热力学不确定关系一致。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Cilia and flagella are micron-sized filaments that actively beat with remarkable precision in a viscous medium, driving microorganism movement and efficient flow. We study the rower model to uncover how cilia activity and dissipation enable this precise motion. In this model, cilia motion is represented by a micro-beads Brownian movement between two distant harmonic potentials. At specific locations, energy pumps trigger potential switches, capturing cilia activity and generating oscillations. We quantify precision of oscillation using a quality factor, identifying its scaling with activity and oscillation amplitude, finding precision maximization at an optimal amplitude. The data collapse is not accurate for noisy oscillations. An exact analytic expression for the precision quality factor, based on first passage time fluctuations, and derived in the small noise approximation, explains its optimality and scaling. Energy budget analysis shows the quality factor's consistency with the thermodynamic uncertainty relation.