标题： 蛋白质和RNA分子伴侣的迭代退火机制 显示英文标题

标题： Iterative Annealing Mechanism for Protein and RNA Chaperones

摘要： 分子伴侣是消耗大量ATP的机器，能够驱动错误折叠的蛋白质或RNA折叠成具有功能的天然状态。由于具有复杂天然拓扑结构的生物分子的折叠景观崎岖不平，包含多个由大自由能障碍分隔的极小值，因此折叠通过动力学分区机制发生，只有少量分子能够在生物可行的时间内到达折叠状态。这类蛋白质和RNA的挽救需要依赖分子伴侣。尽管蛋白质和RNA分子伴侣在结构和作用方式上存在显著差异，但它们产生折叠结构的基本原理可以通过基于迭代退火机制（IAM）的统一理论框架来理解。我们的理论表明，这两种机器都进化到能够在生物时间尺度上最大化稳态产量。令人惊讶的是，理论预测显示，在适度的RNA分子伴侣活性水平下，自剪接前RNA的产量在\textit{体内}中达到最大值。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Molecular chaperones are machines that consume copious amount of ATP to drive misfolded proteins or RNA to fold into functionally competent native states. Because the folding landscapes of biomolecules with complex native state topology are rugged consisting of multiple minima that are separated by large free energy barriers, folding occurs by the kinetic partitioning mechanism according to which only a small fraction of the molecules reach the folded state in biologically viable times. The rescue of such proteins and RNA require chaperones. Although the protein and RNA chaperones are profoundly different in their structure and action, the principles underlying their activity to produce the folded structures can be understood using a unified theoretical framework based on iterative annealing mechanism (IAM). Our theory shows that both these machines have evolved to the maximize the production of the steady state yield on biological times. Strikingly, theory predicts that only at a moderate level of RNA chaperone activity is the yield of the self-splicing pre-RNA is maximized in \textit{in vivo}.