标题： DNA解链转变 显示英文标题

标题： DNA Unzipping Transition

摘要： 这篇综述关注双链DNA的力诱导解旋转变。 它从DNA熔融的简要历史开始，这伴随着分子生物学领域的增长而出现，并与第二次世界大战后物理学的进步并行发展。 早期的DNA熔融理论基于伊辛模型及其修改，但逐渐转向基于聚合物的模型。 力诱导解旋的概念最早在1999年被提出，作为一种无需温度变化即可打破碱基对的协同机制。 本文讨论了随后的若干发展，涉及解旋转变的不同方面。 显示英文摘要

摘要： This review focuses on the force-induced unzipping transition of double-stranded DNA. It begins with a brief history of DNA melting, which emerged alongside the growth of the field of molecular biology, juxtaposed with the advancements in physics during the same post-World War II period. The earlier theories of melting of DNA were based on the Ising model and its modifications, but gradually moved towards polymer-based models. The idea of force-induced unzipping was first introduced in 1999 as a cooperative mechanism for breaking base pairs without the need for temperature changes. The paper discusses several subsequent developments addressing different aspects of the unzipping transition.