标题： 简单流体剪切松弛时间的准普适行为 显示英文标题

标题： Quasi-universal behaviour of shear relaxation times in simple fluids

摘要： 我们计算了四种重要的简单单原子模型流体的剪切松弛时间：Lennard-Jones 流体、Yukawa 流体、软球流体和硬球流体。 观察到，在适当的归一化单位下，当密度从类似气体的低值增加到接近结晶的高密度区域时，剪切松弛时间表现出准普适行为。 它们在低密度时随密度增加而减小，在中等密度时达到最小值，然后在接近冻结点时增加。 对于所研究的各种系统，最小值处以及流体-固体相变处的归一化松弛时间都大致相当，尽管实际系统之间存在超过十个数量级的差异。 讨论了这些结果的重要意义。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We calculate the shear relaxation times in four important simple monatomic model fluids: Lennard-Jones, Yukawa, soft-sphere and hard-sphere fluids. It is observed that in properly reduced units, the shear relaxation times exhibit quasi-universal behaviour when the density increases from the gas-like low values to the high-density regime near crystallization. They first decrease with density at low densities, reach minima at moderate densities, and then increase toward the freezing point. The reduced relaxation times at the minima and at the fluid-solid phase transition are all comparable for the various systems investigated, despite more than ten orders of magnitude difference in real systems. Important implications of these results are discussed.