标题： 二维量子反铁磁体中磁极化子的有限温度实时性质 显示英文标题

标题： Finite-temperature real-time properties of magnetic polarons in two-dimensional quantum antiferromagnets

摘要： 近年来，由于量子气体显微镜取得了显著进展，人们对关联反铁磁（AFM）Mott绝缘体中产生的单一移动掺杂剂的实空间性质产生了日益浓厚的兴趣。然而，即使是对于简单的玩具模型，详细的数值描述仍然具有挑战性。因此，之前针对大系统的数值模拟在很大程度上局限于 $T=0$。为了指导冷原子实验，需要在有限温度下进行数值计算。 在这里，我们数值研究了在有限温度下二维 $t$-$J$模型中单个移动空穴的实时性质，并将其与在 $T=0$观察到的特性进行了比较。我们发现，之前在 $T=0$报道的空穴运动的三阶段过程即使在有限温度下也成立。然而，即使在低温下，长时间内的平均空穴速度也不简单地与自旋耦合成正比，这与 $T=0$的行为不同。将我们的有限温度数值结果与量子气体显微镜的实验数据进行比较时，我们发现了定性的不一致：在实验中，空穴扩展速度随着 $J/t$的增加而加快，而在我们的数值模拟中它却变慢了。 后者与此前在$T=0$报道的数值发现一致。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Due to significant progress in quantum gas microscopy in recent years, there is a rapidly growing interest in real-space properties of single mobile dopands created in correlated antiferromagnetic (AFM) Mott insulators. However, a detailed numerical description remains challenging, even for simple toy models. As a consequence, previous numerical simulations for large systems were largely limited to $T=0$. To provide guidance for cold-atom experiments, numerical calculations at finite temperature are required. Here, we numerically study the real-time properties of a single mobile hole in the 2D $t$-$J$ model at finite temperature and draw a comparison to features observed at $T=0$. We find that a three-stage process of hole motion, which was reported at $T=0$, is valid even at finite temperature. However, already at low temperatures, the average hole velocity at long times is not simply proportional to the spin coupling, contrary to the $T=0$ behavior. Comparing our finite-temperature numerical results with the experimental data from quantum gas microscopy we find a qualitative disagreement: in experiment, hole spreading speeds up with increasing $J/t$, while in our numerics it slows down. The latter is consistent with the numerical findings previously reported at $T=0$.