标题： 适用于实用规模量子电路的可靠高精度误差缓解 显示英文标题

标题： Reliable high-accuracy error mitigation for utility-scale quantum circuits

摘要： 错误缓解对于释放量子算法的全部潜力并加速向量子优势的进程至关重要。 随着量子硬件的进步，推动经典模拟的边界，高效且稳健的错误缓解方法在生成准确可靠输出方面变得越来越重要。 我们介绍了QESEM，一种基于表征的可靠、高精度软件，实现了高效、无偏的准概率错误缓解。 我们解释了QESEM运行背后的创新组件，并通过基于无偏方法的最大实用规模错误缓解实验展示了其能力。 该实验在IBM Heron设备上模拟了具有远离Clifford参数的受激横向场伊辛模型。 我们进一步通过在IBM Heron和IonQ离子阱设备上执行的高精度误差缓解分子VQE电路，验证了QESEM在任意量子电路和设备上的通用性。 与多种广泛使用的零噪声外推方法变体相比，QESEM始终能实现更高的准确性。 这些结果标志着在当今可用设备上运行量子电路的准确性和可靠性方面取得了重要进展，适用于各种算法应用。 最后，我们提供了QESEM在近期设备上向量子优势发展的性能预测。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Error mitigation is essential for unlocking the full potential of quantum algorithms and accelerating the timeline toward quantum advantage. As quantum hardware progresses to push the boundaries of classical simulation, efficient and robust error mitigation methods are becoming increasingly important for producing accurate and reliable outputs. We introduce QESEM, a reliable, high-accuracy, characterization-based software implementing efficient, unbiased quasi-probabilistic error mitigation. We explain the innovative components underlying the operation of QESEM and demonstrate its capabilities in the largest utility-scale error mitigation experiment based on an unbiased method. This experiment simulates the kicked transverse field Ising model with far-from-Clifford parameters on an IBM Heron device. We further validate QESEM's versatility across arbitrary quantum circuits and devices through high-accuracy error-mitigated molecular VQE circuits executed on IBM Heron and IonQ trapped-ion devices. Compared with multiple variants of the widely used zero-noise extrapolation method, QESEM consistently achieves higher accuracy. These results mark a significant step forward in accuracy and reliability for running quantum circuits on devices available today across diverse algorithmic applications. Finally, we provide projections of QESEM's performance on near-term devices toward quantum advantage.