标题： 智能手机民主：使用新型欧洲身份在去中心化基础设施上进行隐私保护的电子投票 显示英文标题

标题： SmartphoneDemocracy: Privacy-Preserving E-Voting on Decentralized Infrastructure using Novel European Identity

摘要： 数字民主进程的数字化有望提高可及性，但在安全、隐私和可验证性方面带来了挑战。 现有的电子投票系统通常依赖于集中式架构，这造成了单点故障，并迫使过多的信任依赖于当局，这与民主原则相矛盾。 本研究解决了创建一个安全、私密且信任依赖最小化的电子投票系统的挑战，该系统专为最通用的个人设备：智能手机而设计。 我们引入了 SmartphoneDemocracy，一种新颖的电子投票协议，结合了三种关键技术：用于抗Sybil身份验证的新兴欧洲数字身份（EUDI）钱包，用于隐私保护验证的零知识证明，以及用于弹性无服务器公共公告板的点对点区块链（TrustChain）。 我们的协议使选民能够从其智能手机上匿名且可验证地注册和投票。 我们提供了详细的协议设计、针对定义威胁模型的安全分析，以及性能评估，证明计算和网络开销对于中到大规模选举是可行的。 通过开发和原型化该系统，我们展示了赋予公民可信、可访问且用户可控的数字投票体验的可行路径。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The digitization of democratic processes promises greater accessibility but presents challenges in terms of security, privacy, and verifiability. Existing electronic voting systems often rely on centralized architectures, creating single points of failure and forcing too much trust in authorities, which contradicts democratic principles. This research addresses the challenge of creating a secure, private e-voting system with minimized trust dependencies designed for the most versatile personal device: the smartphone. We introduce SmartphoneDemocracy, a novel e-voting protocol that combines three key technologies: the emerging European Digital Identity (EUDI) Wallet for Sybil-resistant identity verification, Zero-Knowledge Proofs for privacy-preserving validation, and a peer-to-peer blockchain (TrustChain) for a resilient, serverless public bulletin board. Our protocol enables voters to register and cast ballots anonymously and verifiably directly from their smartphones. We provide a detailed protocol design, a security analysis against a defined threat model, and a performance evaluation demonstrating that the computational and network overhead is feasible for medium- to large-scale elections. By developing and prototyping this system, we demonstrate a viable path to empower citizens with a trustworthy, accessible, and user-controlled digital voting experience.