标题： 人工智能伙伴的兴起：人与聊天机器人关系对幸福感的影响 显示英文标题

标题： The Rise of AI Companions: How Human-Chatbot Relationships Influence Well-Being

摘要： 随着大型语言模型（LLMs）增强型聊天机器人变得越来越富有表现力和社交响应能力，许多用户开始与它们建立类似陪伴的关系，尤其是与那些旨在模仿情感敏锐对话者的模拟人工智能伙伴。 这些新兴的AI伴侣引发了关键问题：这类系统能否满足通常由人类关系提供的社会需求？ 它们如何影响心理健康？ 当用户与非人类代理发展出情感纽带时，又会出现哪些新的风险？ 本研究调查了人们如何与AI伴侣互动，特别是与CharacterAI上的模拟伙伴互动的方式，并探讨这种使用方式与用户心理健康的关联性。 我们分析了来自1,131名用户和4,363次会话（总计413,509条消息）的数据，数据由244名参与者捐赠，重点关注使用行为的三个维度：互动性质、互动强度以及自我披露程度。 通过整合自我报告的主要动机、开放式关系描述以及注释过的聊天记录，我们识别了用户与AI伴侣互动的模式及其与心理健康之间的联系。 研究结果显示，社交网络较小的人更可能转向聊天机器人寻求陪伴，但以陪伴为导向的聊天机器人使用始终与较低的心理健康水平相关联，尤其是在人们更频繁地使用聊天机器人、进行更高程度的自我披露且缺乏强有力的人类社交支持的情况下。 尽管有些人会转向聊天机器人来满足社交需求，但这些聊天机器人的使用并不能完全替代人类的连接。 因此，心理益处可能是有限的，对于更加孤立或情绪脆弱的用户而言，这种关系可能带来风险。 显示英文摘要

摘要： As large language models (LLMs)-enhanced chatbots grow increasingly expressive and socially responsive, many users are beginning to form companionship-like bonds with them, particularly with simulated AI partners designed to mimic emotionally attuned interlocutors. These emerging AI companions raise critical questions: Can such systems fulfill social needs typically met by human relationships? How do they shape psychological well-being? And what new risks arise as users develop emotional ties to non-human agents? This study investigates how people interact with AI companions, especially simulated partners on CharacterAI, and how this use is associated with users' psychological well-being. We analyzed survey data from 1,131 users and 4,363 chat sessions (413,509 messages) donated by 244 participants, focusing on three dimensions of use: nature of the interaction, interaction intensity, and self-disclosure. By triangulating self-reports primary motivation, open-ended relationship descriptions, and annotated chat transcripts, we identify patterns in how users engage with AI companions and its associations with well-being. Findings suggest that people with smaller social networks are more likely to turn to chatbots for companionship, but that companionship-oriented chatbot usage is consistently associated with lower well-being, particularly when people use the chatbots more intensively, engage in higher levels of self-disclosure, and lack strong human social support. Even though some people turn to chatbots to fulfill social needs, these uses of chatbots do not fully substitute for human connection. As a result, the psychological benefits may be limited, and the relationship could pose risks for more socially isolated or emotionally vulnerable users.