标题： 社会网络和维基百科：重新思考来源可信度、信任和权威之间的关系 显示英文标题

标题： Social web and Wikipedia: an opportunity to rethink the links between sources' credibility, trust and authority

摘要： 网络及其主要工具（Google、Wikipedia、Facebook、Twitter）深刻地提出了并更新了基本问题，每个人几乎每天都会问：这些信息或内容是真的吗？我能信任这个作者或来源吗？这些问题并不新，它们与书籍、报纸、广播和电视一样存在，更根本地说，在每种人类人际交流中都存在。本文专注于这一问题上的两个科学问题。第一个是理论性的：为了解决这个问题，图书馆和信息科学、传播学和心理学中使用了许多概念。这些概念之间的关系并不明确：有时两个概念被视为同义词，有时则被视为非常不同。第二个是历史性的：与之前的信息生产模式相比，像Wikipedia这样的来源深刻地挑战了信息源的认识论评估。本文提出了一种综合且简单的模型，将用户、文档和作者之间的关系视为人类交流。它将问题简化为三个概念：可信度作为根据信息的真实性赋予信息的特征；信任作为产生可信信息的能力；权威性当作者的影响权力被接受时，即读者接受该来源可以改变他们的观点、知识和决定。该模型还描述了这三个概念之间的两种关系：向上链接和向下链接。该模型与关于Wikipedia的实证研究结果进行了对比。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The Web and its main tools (Google, Wikipedia, Facebook, Twitter) deeply raise and renew fundamental questions, that everyone asks almost every day: Is this information or content true? Can I trust this author or source? These questions are not new, they have been the same with books, newspapers, broadcasting and television, and, more fundamentally, in every human interpersonal communication. This paper is focused on two scientific problems on this issue. The first one is theoretical: to address this issue, many concepts have been used in library and information sciences, communication and psychology. The links between these concepts are not clear: sometimes two concepts are considered as synonymous, sometimes as very different. The second one is historical: sources like Wikipedia deeply challenge the epistemic evaluation of information sources, compared to previous modes of information production. This paper proposes an integrated and simple model considering the relation between a user, a document and an author as human communication. It reduces the problem to three concepts: credibility as a characteristic granted to information depending on its truth-value; trust as the ability to produce credible information; authority when the power to influence of an author is accepted, i.e., when readers accept that the source can modify their opinion, knowledge and decisions. The model describes also two kinds of relationships between the three concepts: an upward link and a downward link. The model is confronted with findings of empirical research on Wikipedia in particular.