标题： 远程协助或远程驾驶：操作设计领域对ADS支持系统选择的影响 显示英文标题

标题： Remote Assistance or Remote Driving: The Impact of Operational Design Domains on ADS-Supporting Systems Selection

摘要： 高级自动驾驶系统（ADS）可以处理许多情况，但它们仍然会遇到需要人工干预的情况。 在车辆中存在物理驾驶员的系统中，通常为SAE Level 3系统，这种干预相对直接，并由车内驾驶员处理。 然而，对于Level 4系统来说，复杂性增加了，在大多数情况下，车辆中不再有物理驾驶员。 针对这一挑战，行业常见的两种解决方案是集成远程支持系统，例如远程驾驶系统（RDS）或远程协助系统（RAS）。 虽然很明显ADS将需要其中一种系统，但不太清楚如何评估特定ADS应用中哪种系统更合适。 目前，选择过程通常集中在系统架构以及其设计和集成挑战上。 此外，由于许多ADS开发人员选择自行开发远程系统解决方案，因此选择更简单的方案有助于简化开发和集成工作。 虽然这些决策点显然相关，但这种方法忽略了最关键的因素：使用场景以及在操作设计设计域（ODD）背景下ADS与远程支持系统的互补性。 本文提出了一种结构化的方法，基于定义的ODD和使用场景分析，选择RDS或RAS作为ADS的支持系统。 为此，本文应用了PEGASUS框架，以系统地描述和分析ODD。 引入了一个结构化框架，根据明确的准则评估和选择最适合ADS的远程支持系统。 显示英文摘要

摘要： High level Automated Driving Systems (ADS) can handle many situations, but they still encounter situations where human intervention is required. In systems where a physical driver is present in the vehicle, typically SAE Level 3 systems, this intervention is relatively straightforward and is handled by the in-vehicle driver. However, the complexity increases for Level 4 systems, where, in most cases, no physical driver remains in the vehicle. The two common industry solutions for this challenge are the integration of a remote support system, such as a Remote Driving System (RDS) or Remote Assistance System (RAS). While it is clear that ADS will require one of these systems, it is less clear how the suitability of either system for a particular ADS application should be evaluated. Currently, the selection process often focuses on system architecture as well as its design and integration challenges. Furthermore, since many ADS developers choose to develop remote system solutions in-house, it is advantageous to select the simpler approach to streamline development and integration efforts. While these decision points are certainly relevant, this approach overlooks the most critical factors: the use cases and the complementarity of the ADS and the remote support system within the context of the Operational Design Design Domain (ODD). This paper proposes a structured approach for selecting between RDS and RAS as an ADS support system, based on the defined ODD and use case analysis. To achieve this, the paper applies the PEGASUS framework to systematically describe and analyze the ODD. A structured framework is introduced to evaluate and select the most suitable remote support system for an ADS based on clearly defined criteria.