标题： 安全语义通信的综述 显示英文标题

标题： A Survey of Secure Semantic Communications

摘要： 语义通信（SemCom）被视为6G中一种有前景和革命性的技术，旨在通过过滤冗余信息并提取有效数据的核心来超越“香农陷阱”的限制。 与传统通信范式相比，SemCom具有若干显著优势，例如减轻数据传输负担、提高网络管理效率和优化资源分配。 许多研究人员从多个角度对SemCom进行了广泛探索，包括网络架构、理论分析、潜在技术和未来应用。 然而，随着SemCom的不断发展，出现了大量的安全和隐私问题，对SemCom系统的机密性、完整性和可用性构成了威胁。 本文介绍了可用于保护SemCom的技术的全面综述。 首先，我们详细阐述了SemCom的整个生命周期，包括模型训练、模型传输和语义信息传输阶段。 然后，我们识别了这三个阶段中出现的安全和隐私问题。 此外，我们总结了可用于缓解这些安全和隐私威胁的技术，包括数据清洗、鲁棒学习、对抗后门攻击的防御策略、对抗训练、差分隐私、密码学、区块链技术、模型压缩和物理层安全。 最后，本文概述了未来的研究方向，以指导相关领域的研究人员。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Semantic communication (SemCom) is regarded as a promising and revolutionary technology in 6G, aiming to transcend the constraints of ``Shannon's trap" by filtering out redundant information and extracting the core of effective data. Compared to traditional communication paradigms, SemCom offers several notable advantages, such as reducing the burden on data transmission, enhancing network management efficiency, and optimizing resource allocation. Numerous researchers have extensively explored SemCom from various perspectives, including network architecture, theoretical analysis, potential technologies, and future applications. However, as SemCom continues to evolve, a multitude of security and privacy concerns have arisen, posing threats to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of SemCom systems. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the technologies that can be utilized to secure SemCom. Firstly, we elaborate on the entire life cycle of SemCom, which includes the model training, model transfer, and semantic information transmission phases. Then, we identify the security and privacy issues that emerge during these three stages. Furthermore, we summarize the techniques available to mitigate these security and privacy threats, including data cleaning, robust learning, defensive strategies against backdoor attacks, adversarial training, differential privacy, cryptography, blockchain technology, model compression, and physical-layer security. Lastly, this paper outlines future research directions to guide researchers in related fields.