标题： 基于行星星历的Brans-Dicke理论的贝叶斯检验：探究强等效原理 显示英文标题

标题： Bayesian test of Brans-Dicke theories with planetary ephemerides: Investigating the strong equivalence principle

摘要： 背景：我们正在利用行星星历表检验标量张量理论中的布兰斯-迪克类。 目的：在这项工作中，我们将最近提出的贝叶斯方法应用于布兰斯-迪克情况，并着重于强等效原理（SEP）的问题。 方法：我们采用马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛（MCMC）方法，结合完整的行星星历表构建（从点质量体积分到观测拟合），并将引入潜在的等效原理违反后的后验分布与未引入时的结果进行比较。 结果：我们观察到获得的后验分布的置信水平发生了变化。我们认为这种变化是边缘证据，表明在当前数据下，不能假设等效原理违反效应可以忽略不计。我们还注意到，基于行星星历表对布兰斯-迪克参数的约束正接近单独由卡西尼航天器报告的数值，同时也接近脉冲星的约束值。我们预计未来航天任务的数据，如贝皮科伦布号，将显著增强基于行星星历表的约束。 结论：本研究提供了新的观测数据和分析方法，以进一步探索等效原理的限制及其在宇宙学中的意义。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Context: We are testing the Brans-Dicke class of scalar tensor theories with planetary ephemerides. Aims: In this work, we apply our recently proposed Bayesian methodology to the Brans-Dicke case, with an emphasis on the issue of the strong equivalence principle (SEP). Methods: We use an MCMC approach coupled to full consistent planetary ephemeris construction (from point-mass body integration to observational fit) and compare the posterior distributions obtained with and without the introduction of potential violations of the SEP. Results: We observe a shift in the confidence levels of the posteriors obtained. We interpret this shift as marginal evidence suggesting that the effect of violation of the SEP can no longer be assumed to be negligible in planetary ephemerides with the current data. We also notably report that the constraint on the Brans-Dicke parameter with planetary ephemerides is getting closer to the figure reported from the Cassini spacecraft alone, but also to the constraints from pulsars. We anticipate that data from future spacecraft missions, such as BepiColombo, will significantly enhance the constraints based on planetary ephemerides.