标题： 绝热非平衡的玻尔兹曼方程解在温暖暴胀中的应用 显示英文标题

标题： Adiabatic out-of-equilibrium solutions to the Boltzmann equation in warm inflation

摘要： 我们表明，在温暖暴胀中，几乎恒定的哈勃率和温度导致与热浴相互作用的粒子数密度的绝热演化，即使无法维持热平衡。 在这种情况下，数密度相比平衡值被抑制，但相关的相空间分布仍大致保持平衡形式，只是振幅较小，有效温度略低。 作为应用，我们明确构建了一个在温暖暴胀期间的重子生成机制，该机制基于这种绝热演化状态下粒子的非平衡衰变。 我们表明，这通常会导致小的重子等曲率扰动，在普朗克卫星设定的限制之内。 这些扰动与主要的绝热曲率扰动相关，但表现出不同的光谱指数，这可能成为温暖暴胀期间重子生成的明确证据。 最后，我们讨论了绝热演化非平衡态在其他应用中的前景。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We show that, in warm inflation, the nearly constant Hubble rate and temperature lead to an adiabatic evolution of the number density of particles interacting with the thermal bath, even if thermal equilibrium cannot be maintained. In this case, the number density is suppressed compared to the equilibrium value but the associated phase-space distribution retains approximately an equilibrium form, with a smaller amplitude and a slightly smaller effective temperature. As an application, we explicitly construct a baryogenesis mechanism during warm inflation based on the out-of-equilibrium decay of particles in such an adiabatically evolving state. We show that this generically leads to small baryon isocurvature perturbations, within the bounds set by the Planck satellite. These are correlated with the main adiabatic curvature perturbations but exhibit a distinct spectral index, which may constitute a smoking gun for baryogenesis during warm inflation. Finally, we discuss the prospects for other applications of adiabatically evolving out-of-equilibrium states.