标题： 用玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态探测λ-引力 显示英文标题

标题： Probing Lambda-Gravity with Bose-Einstein Condensate

摘要： 我们提出了一种精确测试两种基本引力常数的方法，使用一种新颖的探测器概念，该概念利用了捕获的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体（BEC）中量子声子激发的动力学，在桌面实验规模下可操作。 在此设置中，通过使用三端口操作，使灵敏度提高了约两个数量级，该操作将声子激发与BEC的基态混合。 BEC对$\Lambda$引力中的两个关键引力势成分表现出独特的敏感性：牛顿$GM/r$项和宇宙学常数$\Lambda r^2$。 使用最先进的实验设计，我们预测引力常数$G$可以以高达$10^{-17}$N m$^2$/kg$^2$的精度进行测量，这比当前测量结果提高了两个数量级。 此外，这个实验可以建立地球上的$\Lambda$的最佳上限为$<10^{-31}$ m$^{-2}$，标志着对宇宙常数的首次实验室探测。 此外，该装置允许测量引力势中每个项的距离依赖行为，提供了一种测试修改引力理论的新方法。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We propose a precise test of two fundamental gravitational constants using a novel detector concept that exploits the dynamics of quantum phononic excitations in a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), operable at the scale of table-top experiments. In this setup, the sensitivity is enhanced by approximately two orders of magnitude through the use of a tritter operation, which mixes phononic excitations with the BEC's ground state. The BEC exhibits unique sensitivity to the two key components of the gravitational potential in $\Lambda$-gravity: the Newtonian $GM/r$ term and the cosmological constant $\Lambda r^2$. Using state-of-the-art experimental design, we predict that the gravitational constant $G$ could be measured with an accuracy up to $10^{-17}$ N m$^2$/kg$^2$, representing an improvement by two orders of magnitude over current measurements. Moreover, this experiment could establish the best Earth-based upper limit on $\Lambda$ at $<10^{-31}$ m$^{-2}$, marking the first laboratory-based probe of the cosmological constant. Additionally, the setup allows for the measurement of the distance-dependent behaviour of each term in the gravitational potential, providing a novel means to test modified gravity theories.