标题： 二维量子色动力学中的粒子-孤子简并 显示英文标题

标题： Particle-Soliton Degeneracy in 2D Quantum Chromodynamics

摘要： 二维时空中的量子色动力学具有一个有限的不可逆对称性，该对称性在数学上由一个融合范畴描述。 这种对称性在长距离下被自发破坏，导致不同的真空态。 当理论存在质量间隙时，因此能谱由单个真空上的粒子激发和在真空之间插值的孤子扇区来表征。 我们利用任意子凝聚和融合范畴的表示理论来获得关于该能谱的精确结果，展示允许的多重态。 通常，粒子和孤子处于相同的表示中，因此必须具有相等的质量。 此外，融合范畴对称性经常意味着能谱中存在某些稳定状态。 这些结果的简并性被编码在奎弗图中，节点是真空，箭头是激发态。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Quantum chromodynamics in two spacetime dimensions admits a finite non-invertible symmetry described mathematically by a fusion category. This symmetry is spontaneously broken at long distances, leading to distinct vacua. When the theory has a mass gap, the spectrum is therefore characterized by particle excitations above a single vacuum and soliton sectors interpolating between vacua. We use anyon condensation and the representation theory of fusion categories to obtain exact results about this spectrum, exhibiting the allowed multiplets. Often, particles and solitons are in the same representation and therefore must have equal masses. Furthermore, the fusion category symmetry frequently implies the existence of certain stable states in the spectrum. The resulting degeneracies are encoded in quiver diagrams where nodes are vacua and arrows are excited states.