标题： 三维多系统贝叶斯校准结合能量守恒研究核碰撞的伪快度依赖动力学 显示英文标题

标题： 3D Multi-system Bayesian Calibration with Energy Conservation to Study Rapidity-dependent Dynamics of Nuclear Collisions

摘要： 大量关于重离子碰撞早期动力学的信息被编码在测量的快度依赖性中。为了利用大量的实验数据，我们进行了系统的分析，使用了多个碰撞系统（大和小、对称和不对称）的三维流体动力学模拟。具体来说，我们进行了完全的三维多阶段流体动力学模拟，这些模拟由一个用于快度相关能量沉积的参数化模型初始化，并且我们根据强子多重性和各向异性流系数来校准该模型。我们利用贝叶斯推理来约束系统早期和晚期动力学的性质，并强调在我们的三维模型中强制执行全局能量守恒的影响。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Considerable information about the early-stage dynamics of heavy-ion collisions is encoded in the rapidity dependence of measurements. To leverage the large amount of experimental data, we perform a systematic analysis using three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of multiple collision systems -- large and small, symmetric and asymmetric. Specifically, we perform fully 3D multi-stage hydrodynamic simulations initialized by a parameterized model for rapidity-dependent energy deposition, which we calibrate on the hadron multiplicity and anisotropic flow coefficients. We utilize Bayesian inference to constrain properties of the early- and late- time dynamics of the system, and highlight the impact of enforcing global energy conservation in our 3D model.