标题： 高能核碰撞中纵向流涨落的来源 显示英文标题

标题： Sources of longitudinal flow decorrelations in high-energy nuclear collisions

摘要： 夸克-胶子等离子体（QGP）的纵向结构由多个跨越不同尺度的组分组成。 然而，其短程特征常常被末态非流相关性所掩盖。 在这里，我们引入一种数据驱动的方法，以将初始状态结构与非流效应分离。 发现纵向结构有两个不同的组分：一个反映了QGP的整体扭曲几何结构，另一个则捕捉了快度中的局部涨落。 该第二组分的特性，对短程和中程流去相关性的贡献，可以通过比较不同形状核的碰撞来量化。 这项研究是首次成功尝试从非流背景中分离长程和短程流去相关性，为重离子碰撞的初始条件提供了新的见解。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The longitudinal structure of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) consists of several components spanning various scales. However, its short-range features are often obscured by final-state non-flow correlations. Here, we introduce a data-driven approach to separate initial state structures from non-flow effects. The longitudinal structure is found having two distinct components: one that reflects the global twisted geometry of the QGP, and another that captures localized fluctuations in rapidity. The characteristics of this second component, contributing to short- and medium-range flow decorrelations, can be quantified by comparing collisions of nuclei with different shapes. This study represents the first successful attempt to disentangle long- and short-range flow decorrelations from non-flow backgrounds, providing new insights into the initial conditions of heavy-ion collisions.